Monday, February 8, 2010

Group Work in Aphasia Recovery

Group Work in Aphasia Recovery
To view a calendar of the Aphasia Solutions Network online, small groups, visit http://aphasiatoolbox.earthwebplace.com/calendar.htm.  Click on each group to view details such as: name and qualifications of the leader, cost, availability for participation, etc .  The calendar may be viewed in the weekly, monthly or agenda format.  
If you wish to register for group participation or if you have questions or comments, please contact Bill Connors at 724.494.2534 or bill@aphasiatoolbox.com.  We have plans for new groups over the next few months and your ideas are welcome. 
Here is a list of activegroups:
1.    Public Speaking for People with Aphasia
2.    Introduction to Our Software Group
3.    Men's Aphasia Bootcamp
4.    Aphasia Bootcamp
5.   Woman's Aphasia Club
6.   Aphasia Conversation Group
7.   Verbs Turn Me On Group
8.   Introduction to SentenceShaper2 Group
9.   Small Group (2-3 clients) Focused AphasiaTreatment
10.Oral Motor Coordination Group (www.sentenceshaper.com)
11.SLP Aphasia Roundtable and Grand Rounds
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"Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has."          Margaret Mead.  
Traveling the pathway of aphasia recovery is not for sissies. Those who attempt that journey deserve the finest tools, resources and support known to mankind.  Well-designed and well-managed groups provide invaluable social support, treatment, and practice time (Connors, 2009) for people with aphasia [PWA] and those who assist them.
In this newsletter we will discuss the issues of : 
- what constitutes a group
- what are the benefits of participation in the group process
- a history of aphasia groups
- group resources.  
Our second newsletter in this series, scheduled for release later week, will discuss our online, small group program.
What is a group?
A group can be considered a collection of 3 or more people who share an identity and a purpose.  The group exists so that the members can help each other to achieve the goals of the group and the individual members by communicating, interacting and engaging. 
What are the benefits of group work?
As Benjamin Franklin said,"Tell me and I forget.  Teach me and I remember.  Involve me and I learn."  Collaborative work in groups provides important opportunities that individual treatment work lacks.  First, it provides the social support inherent in human interaction especially with those who share a life-changing event such as stroke or head injury. Secondly, it offers the opportunity to learn both directly and vicariously from others by observing, listening and watching.  Thirdly, social work demands communicative engagement, collaboration and reciprocal action, all critical for maximizing aphasia recovery. Fourthly, it creates favorable conditions for PWA to practice their skills learned in therapy sessions in a safe, comfortable social environmentwith their peers.  Finally, it provides the speech therapist the chance to do formative assessment with his/her client, assessing progress and growing the individual treatment plan by direct observation of the patient in action with others.
What is the history of group work in aphasia treatment?
A history of research exists supporting the effectiveness of group aphasia treatment (Kearns and Elman, 2001).   Identified benefits of group work presented in the traditional literature include: opportunities for socialization and practice of communication strategies; peer conversational interaction; supplement to individual treatment; and social support.  Mackie and Damico (2009) extended the discussion of aphasia group activities demonstrating how the use of engagement in groups can add affective engrossment and promote successful group interaction.  Antonucci (2009) discussed the benefits of using a specific treatment technique, semantic feature analysis, during discourse in a group context.
Resources:
Many aphasia clinics and centers such as the Stroke Comeback Center in Vienna VA (http://www.strokecomebackcenter.org/) and Speechworks in  Winnipeg Canada offer aphasia groups. We encourage you to visit (and support) the website of the National Aphasia Association (http://www.aphasia.org/aphasia_community/aphasia_community_groups.html) for a detailed listing of groups in the USA and Canada.
Now for the $20,000question:
How can we best take advantage of innovative technology and multidisciplinary fields of study to translate aphasia group research and evidence into affordable, accessible and effective tools for PWA traveling the pathway of recovery?   In our next newsletter later this week we will answer that question.

Are you too eager and enthusiastic to wait?  Contact us at 724.494.2534 or bill@aphasiatoolbox.com.

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References
Antonucci, Sharron,  (2009). Use of semantic feature analysis in group aphasia treatment. Aphasiology,  23:854-856
Chen, F., &  Wang, T.C. (2009). Social conversation and effective discussion in online group learning. EducationTech Research Development, 57, 587-612
Connors, William, 2009. The Importance of Therapeutic Time On Task, www.aphasiatoolbox.com Newsletter
Kearns, K, & Elman, R.,  (2001). Group therapy for aphasia:theoretical and practical considerations. Chapey R, ed Language Interventions Strategies in Aphasia and Related Neurological Communication Disorders.  4th ed  Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, William & Wilkins,  316-337
Simmons-Mackie, N, & Damico J.,  (2009). Engagement in Group Therapy for Aphasia. Seminars in Speech andLanguage. 1:19-26
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Phone App to improved Stroke rehab

Published: 09 February  2010

A UQ study will employ a unique mobile phone application to improve the “communicative fitness” and lifestyle of brain-injured patients.

Led by Professor Linda Worrall from UQ's Clinical Centre for Research Excellence (CCRE) in Aphasia Rehabilitation, the study will be the first of its kind to use the technology in combining two complementary approaches to aphasia rehabilitation into one optimal treatment outcome.

Aphasia, a language difficulty attributed to injury of the brain, usually from stroke, is estimated to affect 80,000 Australians. It can vary from mild difficulties with finding words, or reading text, to not being able to understand what people are saying and being unable to speak.

As part of the study, 50 participants with aphasia will wear voice-activated recorders for four weeks to record the amount of time they talk each day.

The small device, to be incorporated into their mobile phone, will function in a similar way as a pedometer is used in the 10,000 steps program, by keeping track of the users “communicative fitness”.

Professor Worrall said that participants would then be allocated to appropriate speech pathology programs based on their communicative fitness, which will help them gradually communicate more often.

“Our study aims to examine whether people with aphasia can improve their language and life participation by increasing the amount of time they talk during their everyday lives,” she said.

“The benefits of this program for people with aphasia and their families is that it not only aims to improve language function but also to prevent or overcome the effects of social isolation that come from not being able to understand or communicate clearly with others.

“We envisage that this study will lead to better communication outcomes, less social isolation, and better quality of life for people with aphasia and their families.”

Professor Worrall said that the CCRE has recruited all known available researchers associated with aphasia in Australia and relevant international experts to achieve this goal, and anticipates that the size of the team will double during the program.

The major outcome from research within the CCRE will be the development of the Australian Aphasia Clinical Pathway in close collaboration with speech pathologists and consumers.
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Saturday, February 6, 2010

The most effective treatment for stroke sequela(I)

One year after the attack of stroke,the existing symptoms are called stroke sequela,such as hemiplegia,language difficulty,or distortion of mouth and eyes,etc.Compared with recovery stage,the speed and degree of recovery in this period is slower.The demonstrations of stroke sequela are obstruction of unilateral limbs,hemiplegia,hemianopsia,aphasia,crossed paralysis,contralateral sensory disturbance,extraocular paralysis,nystagmus,language difficulty,hypomnesia,distortion of mouth and eyes,dysphagia,ataxia,choke of water and food,dizziness,headache,etc.The root cause of these symptoms are the pathological changes of blood inside cerebral vessel and pathological changes of blood vessel,such as atherosclerosis.The formed thrombus will block cerebral artery,leading to the discontinuance of blood flow and the necrosis of brain tissue resulted from shortage of blood and oxygen.If it affected kinetic system controlled by brain nerve,the corresponding sequela will appear,such as hemiplegia,obstruction of limbs,etc.If it affected speech center nerve controlled by brain nerve,the corresponding symptoms will appear,such as language difficulty,even aphasia,etc.
The treatment for stroke sequela(targeted at ischemic stroke)
The most effective way of improving symptoms of stroke sequela and reduce the high rate of relapse is scientific dietary,enhance of restorative exercises,and reliable medication.The inducing factors of stroke can be thus effectively treated,such as atherosclerosis,high blood viscosity,etc.and this can prevent the second formation of thrombus caused by arteriosclerosis,and improve the supply of blood and oxygen to brain tissue.The sound environment for brain tissues will be benefial to restore the function of brain nerves,improve kinetic system and speech system.Therefore,the symptoms of stroke such as,speech difficulty and disturbance of limbs,can be cured from the root cause,and prevent the reoccurance and aggravation of disease.
Arcticle Source : http://bodycountry.com/stroke/2010/the-most-effective-treatment-for-stroke-sequelai.html

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Friday, February 5, 2010

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